Learn about Water and Filtration
Contaminants and Health Effects
Water quality problems and solutions
Sources of our drinking water
Standards for drinking water
Hard and soft water
pH value of water
Filtration OR Purification?
Myth on minerals and water
Popular filtration methods explained
General water treatment
Water quality defined
Hydrologic cycle of water
Meteoric water and cycle
Environmental factors of water
Age of ground water
Temperature of ground water
Water quality of surface water
Cistern water quality
Summary of water quality and the environment
Hard water explained
Hard water problems
Softened water energy savings
Hard water analysis
Hard water and soap curd
Ion exchange principles
More on water softening
Home water softener basics
Water deionization
Lime soda ash water treatment
3 Types of basic water
TDS-Total dissolved solids
Reverse osmosis treatment
Alkalinity of water
Reverse osmosis and pH
Carbon dioxide in water
Chloride and sulfate
Fluoride in drinking water
Hydrogen sulfide in water
Nitrate/ nitrogen in water
Oxygen in drinking water
Silica in drinking water
Sodium/methane/ phenol Disease-causing organisms
Micro-organism in water1
Micro-organism in water2
Viruses in drinking water
Bacteria in drinking water
Water disinfect methods1
Water disinfect methods2
Water disinfect-chlorine
Dechlorinating filters Q&A
Palatability of water
Turbidity of drinking water
Mechanical filtration
Multi-media (depth filters)
Color of drinking water

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Why does hard water constitute a problem?

Actually hardness is a source of many problems. One important trouble area is the way hardness minerals react with soaps and detergents.

So important is this aspect of the hardness problem that hardness is sometimes defined as "the effect of certain elements which combine with soap to form an insoluble material known as curd."

The list of elements that possess this property of hardness include iron, copper and manganese, all present normally in relatively small quantities. More common, of course, are calcium and magnesium, which are usually present in significant amounts. Clothes washed in zero soft water are free of troublesome hard water soap curd.

For the homemaker water hardness makes home cleaning operations more difficult.

In the laundry, hard water leaves soap curd and detergent deposits on fabrics. This dulls colors and gives a grey or yellow appearance to white fabrics. Also hard water soap curd clings to fabric fibers, causing threads to become brittle and shortening the life of the material.

Hard water wastes soap and synthetic detergents.

Hard water leaves unsightly soap scum rings in the bathtub.

Hard water spots and streaks glassware and dishes.

Hard water builds up scale deposits in all water-using appliances, clogs hot water pipes.

Even more important to the homemaker and to her entire family hard water hampers good grooming efforts.

HARD WATER SCALE

Scale is one of the most serious problems caused by hardness mineral deposits. This particular by-product of water hardness puts many water-using appliances out of service. It clogs hot water pipes and can sharply reduce the heating efficiency of a boiler or water heater. When hard water is heated, scale is formed. This is due to (1) the breakdown of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, (2) their reversion to the highly insoluble carbonate forms, (3) their precipitation from the water, and (4) their concentration on the interior surfaces of the water heater.

Under certain conditions the deposits form sludges. Both sludges and scale can lead to a sharp reduction in operating efficiency

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